अंग्रेजी में Person(पुरुष) तीन हैं
- First Person 2. Second Person 3. Third Person
Definition: बोलनेवाला First Person,
जिससे बोला जाए Second Person
तथा जिसके विषय में चर्चा की जाए Third Person कहलाता है
* The first person is the person speaking, the second person is the person spoken to; and the third person is the person spoken about.
If I speak to you about Mohan, I am the first person, you are the second person and Mohan is the third person.
Examples:
First Person: I, We तथा इसके विभिन्न रूप (me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours and ourselves) First Person के examples हैं
Third Person: First Person तथा Second Person के शब्दों के अतिरिक्त जितने Nouns और Pronouns हैं, वे सभी Third Person के examples हैं। जैसे – he, him, his, himself, she, her, hers, herself, it, its, itself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves, this, that, these, those, somebody, anybody, something, each, either, neither, all, none, many, both, Ram, Sita, mother, father, teacher, cow, dog, cat, school, sun, star, river, pen, book, etc.
Note: कभी-कभी प्रयोग के हिसाब से Third Person के words भी First Person या Second Person के हो जाते हैं। ऐसी कुछ परिस्थितियों पर विचार करें – (a) किसी Noun को यदि हम संबोधनकारक के रूप में प्रयुक्त करें तो वह Second
Person का हो जाएगा, जैसे – Come here, Mohan. Don’t go there, boys. Shyam, what are you doing here?
वाक्यों में प्रयुक्त शब्द Mohan, boys और Shyam Second Person में हैं, क्योंकि वे persons spoken to के लिए प्रयुक्त हुए हैं। (b) First Person का प्रतिशब्द (apposition) First Person को और Second
Person का प्रतिशब्द Second Person का हो जाता है। जैसे – You, Mohan, come here, You, wicked boy, get out of the class. 1. Ram, am your true friend. 1. your friend, have come to help you,
इन वाक्यों में Mohan और wicked boy Second Person में हैं, क्योंकि ये you के प्रतिशब्द हैं और इनसे persons spoken to का बोध होता है। पुनः Ram और your friend First Person में हैं, क्योंकि ये I के प्रतिशब्द हैं और इनसे persons speaking का बोध होता है।
1. Meaning of Person (पुरुष)
Person refers to the grammatical category that shows the role of a noun or pronoun in a sentence.
In Hindi, it is called पुरुष (Person).
2. Definition of Person
A person is a grammatical classification that tells whether the subject is:
- speaking (speaker),
- spoken to (listener), or
- spoken about (third person).
3. Types of Person in English Grammar
There are three types of person:
- First Person (उत्तम पुरुष)
- Second Person (मध्यम पुरुष)
- Third Person (अन्य पुरुष)
4. First Person (उत्तम पुरुष)
Definition:
First person refers to the speaker (the person who is talking).
Pronouns used:
- I (मैं)
- We (हम)
- Me, My, Mine (मेरा/मेरी/मुझको)
- Us, Our, Ours (हमारा/हमको)
Examples:
- I am a student. (मैं एक छात्र हूँ।)
- We are playing cricket. (हम क्रिकेट खेल रहे हैं।)
First person always shows self-reference.
5. Second Person (मध्यम पुरुष)
Definition:
Second person refers to the person who is being spoken to (listener).
Pronouns used:
- You (तुम/आप)
- Your, Yours (तुम्हारा/आपका)
Examples:
- You are my friend. (तुम मेरे दोस्त हो।)
- You should study hard. (तुम्हें मेहनत से पढ़ना चाहिए।)
Second person is used for direct address.
6. Third Person (अन्य पुरुष)
Definition:
Third person refers to the person or thing being spoken about.
Pronouns used:
- He (वह – पुरुष)
- She (वह – महिला)
- It (यह/वह – वस्तु)
- They (वे)
- His, Her, Their
Examples:
- He is a doctor. (वह डॉक्टर है।)
- She is reading a book. (वह किताब पढ़ रही है।)
- They are playing football. (वे फुटबॉल खेल रहे हैं।)
Third person is used for others (not speaker or listener).
7. Quick Summary Table
| Person Type | Hindi Name | Meaning | Pronouns Used |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Person | उत्तम पुरुष | Speaker (self) | I, We, My, Our |
| Second Person | मध्यम पुरुष | Listener (you) | You, Your |
| Third Person | अन्य पुरुष | Person spoken about | He, She, It, They |
8. Important Points to Remember
- First Person → I / We (Self)
- Second Person → You (Listener)
- Third Person → He / She / It / They (Others)
- Verb changes depend on person:
- I am
- You are
- He/She is
9. Examples in Sentences
- First Person:
- I am writing a letter. (मैं पत्र लिख रहा हूँ।)
- Second Person:
- You are very intelligent. (तुम बहुत बुद्धिमान हो।)
- Third Person:
- She is going to school. (वह स्कूल जा रही है।)
10. Importance of Person in Grammar
- Helps in correct sentence formation
- Ensures proper verb usage
- Improves communication clarity
- Essential for speaking and writing English correctly