Verb Forms in Hindi (English Grammar): Meaning, Definition, Types, Examples, Kinds (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5)
अधिकांश Verbs के पाँच रूप होते हैं
v1 Verb का Present Tense Form
जैसे — go, eat, run, laugh, dance, etc.
V2 Verb का Past Tense Form
जैसे – went, ate, ran, laughed, etc.
V3 Verb का Past Participle Form
जैसे – gone, eaten, laughed, broken, etc.
V4 Verb का Present Participle Form जैसे
– going, eating, laughing, breaking, etc.
V5 Verb का -s form
जैसे — eats, runs, laughs, goes, does, etc.
कुछ Verbs के पाँचों रूपों को देखें –
v1 – V2 – V3 – v4 – v5
go eat run sleep cut
went ate ran slept cut
gone eaten run slept cut
going eating running sleeping cutting
goes eats runs sleeps cuts
- इन पाँचों रूपों को ध्यान से देखने पर पता चलता है कि Verb का मूल रूप V1 है। उसमें -ing जोड़ने से v4 और -s/es जोड़ने से प्राप्त होता है। जैसे – vl – V4 – V5go going goeseat eating eats
- अधिकांश Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके 2 और 3 का निर्माण V1 में d/ed suffix जोड़कर किया जाता है। इनके v2 और V3 same होते हैं। जैसे –
- कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके v2 और V3 same होते हैं। जैसे
- buy bring make sellbought brought made sold played
- कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके vl, v2 और vsame होते हैं। जैसे – cut, put, shut, spread, set, cost, hurt, hit, burst, etc.
- कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके v2 और v3 भिन्न होते हैं। v2 और v3 forms को याद रखना पड़ता है। जैसे –
Present Tense (VI) arise (उठना, जगना) abuse (गाली देना) answer (उत्तर देना) ask (पूछना) arrive (पहुँचना) advise (सलाह देना)
be (होना) beat (पीटना) । become (होना) begin (शुरू करना) bite (दाँत से काटना) break (तोड़ना। bum (जलना, जलाना) blow (बहना) buy (खरोदना) build (बनाना) bring (लाना) bind (बाँधना) beg (भीख माँगना) bless (आशीर्वाद देना) call (पुकारना) come (आना) climb (चढ़ना) catch (पकड़ना) cut (काटना) close (बंद करना) cry (चिल्लाना) c00k (मोजन पकाना)। clean (साफ करना) choose (चुनना) cary (ढोना) creep (रगना) cdcal (वर्ताव करना) dig (खोदना) do (करना) draw (खींचना) drink (पीना) dive (चलाना) die (मरना)
dream (स्वप्न देखना) dry (सुखाना) drop (गिराना) eat (खाना) enter (प्रवेश करना) elect (चुनना) fall (गिरना) feed (खिलाना) fight (लड़ना) । find (पाना) fly (उड़ना, उड़ाना) । forget (भूलना) fry (तलना) feel (महसूस करना) ger (पाना) । give (देना) 20 (जाना) grow (उपजना, उपजाना) hang (लटकाना) hang (फाँसी देना) hear (सुनना) help (मदद करना) hide (छिपाना) have (रखना) hit (चोट करना) hold (पकड़ना) hurt (चोट पहुँचाना) hope (आशा करना) jump (कूदना) keep (रखना) know (जानना) live (रहना) Team (सीखना)
leave (छोड़ना) look (देखना) । love (प्यार करना) lose (खोना) lend (उधार लेना)। leap (कूदना) । lead (नेतृत्व करना) nake (थनाना) । rnect (मिलन) । Imnary(शादी करना) ।mistake (गलती करना) open (खोलना) play (खेलना) put (रखना) । pray (चुकाना। quarrel (झगड़ना) read (पन्ना) ride (चढ़ना) । ring (बजाना, वजना) Trise (उठना, उगना) see (देखना) say (कहना) sell (थेचना) send (मेजना) show (दिखाना) study (अध्ययन करना) set (ठीक करना) shake (हिलाना) । shine (चमकना) shoot (गोली मारना) shu (बंद करना) sing (गाना गाना) sink (डूवना)
sleep (सोना) Smell (घना) speak (बोलना) spend (खर्च करना) spoil (बर्बाद करना) stand (खड़ा होना) steal (चुराना) swim (तैरना) । take (लेना) teach (पढ़ाना) । tezar (फाड़ना) tell (कहना) । think (सोचना) throw (फेकना) talk (बात करना) thank (धन्यवाद देना) use (प्रयोग करना) understand (समझना) work (काम करना) want (चाहना)। wear (पहनना) weep (रोना) । win (जीतना) write (लिखना) walk (टहलना) wash (धोना)
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1. Meaning of Verb Forms
A verb form is a variation of a verb that shows tense, aspect, mood, or voice. In English, verbs change forms depending on time (past, present, future) and type of action (regular or irregular).
In Hindi, these can be explained as:
- क्रिया के रूप = Verb Forms
- जैसे “खाना” → eat, ate, eaten
2. Definition
Verb Form: A specific version of a verb used to indicate tense, person, number, or aspect.
- Example:
- V1 (Base Form) – eat
- V2 (Past Simple) – ate
- V3 (Past Participle) – eaten
3. Types / Kinds of Verb Forms
English verbs usually have five forms (V1 to V5):
| Form | Name | Usage | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | Base Form | Present Tense, infinitive, imperative | eat, go, write |
| V2 | Past Simple | Simple past tense | ate, went, wrote |
| V3 | Past Participle | Perfect tense & passive voice | eaten, gone, written |
| V4 | Present Participle / Gerund | Continuous tense & as noun | eating, going, writing |
| V5 | 3rd Person Singular Present | Present simple for he/she/it | eats, goes, writes |
4. Examples in Sentences
- V1 – Base Form
- I eat an apple every day.
- वह रोज़ सेब खाता है।
- V2 – Past Simple
- I ate an apple yesterday.
- मैंने कल सेब खाया।
- V3 – Past Participle
- I have eaten an apple.
- मैंने सेब खा लिया है।
- V4 – Present Participle
- I am eating an apple.
- मैं सेब खा रहा हूँ।
- V5 – 3rd Person Singular Present
- She eats an apple daily.
- वह रोज़ सेब खाती है।
5. Key Points
- V1: Always use after to (to eat, to go).
- V2: For past tense of regular/irregular verbs.
- V3: Used with have/has/had or passive voice.
- V4: Ends with -ing, used in continuous tenses.
- V5: Only for third person singular in present tense.
6. Quick Tip for Hindi Students
- V1 = आधार रूप / बेस फॉर्म
- V2 = भूतकाल / Simple Past
- V3 = पूर्ण भूत / Past Participle
- V4 = क्रियापद-ing / Present Participle
- V5 = तीसरे व्यक्ति एकवचन / Present Simple Singular