- \n
- Pataliputra permanently lost its prominence as symbol of sovereignty of India.<\/li>\n
- Kanyakubja (kannauj) became symbol of sovereignty of India in early medieval times.<\/li>\n
- For the control of kanyakubja (Ganga Yamuna doab region) three Indian dynasties waged continuous wars, which is known\u00a0as triangular warfare<\/strong>. Palas , Prathiharas\u00a0 and Rashtrakutas<\/span> \u00a0participated in warfare.<\/li>\n
- Decentralization was on its peak, paved ways for emergence of Indian feudalism.<\/li>\n
- Many regional powers emerged powerful, political unity of India was shattered into pieces.<\/li>\n
- A\u00a0new ruling clan RAJPUTS<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/03\/Kannauj-Triangles.jpg\")
<\/p>\n- \n
- Major Dynasties of Early Medieval Period<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Chola Empire<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Turkish conquest of India<\/span><\/li>\n
- Rajput states<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Delhi Sultanate<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Mughal Empire (Including later Mughals)<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Maratha Confederacy<\/li>\n
- Southern Dynasties<\/li>\n
- Vijayanagara<\/li>\n
- Bahamani Kingdom<\/li>\n
- Religious Movements during Medieval Period<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Modern Indian History<\/h3>\n
- \n
- Fall of Mughals<\/li>\n
- Advent of Europeans<\/span><\/li>\n
- India under East India Company\u2019s Rule<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Administration<\/li>\n
- Political policies<\/li>\n
- British Expansion Policy<\/li>\n
- Economic policies and their impact<\/li>\n
- Foreign Policies<\/li>\n
- Social Policies<\/li>\n
- Indian Kingdoms in 18th Century<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Socio \u2013 Religious Reform Movements in the 19th and 20th CE India<\/li>\n
- Changes in Indian Administration after 1858<\/li>\n
- Growth of Political Ideas and Political Organizations (up to 1885)<\/li>\n
- Foundation of the Indian National Congress<\/span><\/li>\n
- National Movement (1885 \u2013 1919)<\/span><\/li>\n
- National Movement (1919 \u2013 1939)<\/span><\/li>\n
- Freedom to Partition (1939 \u2013 1947)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n World History<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Industrial Revolution<\/mark><\/span><\/li>\n
- French Revolution<\/mark><\/span><\/li>\n
- Nationalism in Europe<\/li>\n
- Nation-State System<\/li>\n
- Unification of Italy<\/span><\/li>\n
- Unification of Germany<\/span><\/li>\n
- Colonialism<\/span><\/li>\n
- American Revolution<\/mark><\/li>\n
- World War I<\/li>\n
- Russian Revolution<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Great Depression<\/li>\n
- Fascism<\/li>\n
- Nazism<\/li>\n
- World War II<\/li>\n
- Decolonisation<\/span><\/li>\n
- Issues in Middle East<\/li>\n
- Cold war<\/li>\n
- Other Topics<\/li>\n
- Arab Nationalism<\/li>\n
- Israel-Palestine issue<\/li>\n
- Integration of Europe<\/li>\n
- Global Islamic terrorism<\/li>\n
- Rise of China<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n World Geography<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Origin and Evolution of Universe Solar System<\/li>\n
- Geomorphology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Climatology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Oceanography<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Biogeography<\/mark><\/li>\n
- World Economic and Human Geography<\/li>\n
- Important Places Mapping<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Indian Geography<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Physical Geography of India<\/li>\n
- Drainage System<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Indian Climate<\/li>\n
- Soils<\/li>\n
- Indian Flora & Faun<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Indian Economic and Human Geography<\/li>\n
- Map Based Questions from India (Location of state, city, river, lakes, important places including Ramsar sites, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Parks)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
GENERAL STUDIES 2<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n Indian Polity<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Indian Constitution<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.<\/li>\n
- Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.<\/li>\n
- Comparison of the Indian Constitutional Scheme with that of Other Countries.<\/li>\n
- Parliament and State Legislatures<\/li>\n
- Structure, Organization and Functioning of the<\/li>\n
- Salient Features of the Representation of People\u2019s Act.<\/li>\n
- Appointment to various Constitutional Posts, Powers, Functions and Responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.<\/li>\n
- Statutory, Regulatory and various Quasi-judicial Bodies.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Governance<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\nGovernance is commonly defined as the\u00a0exercise of power or authority by political leaders for the well-being of their country\u2019s citizens or subjects.<\/em>\u00a0It is the complex process whereby some sectors of the society wield power, and enact and promulgate public policies which directly affect human and institutional interactions, and economic and social development.\u00a0A great deal about governance is the proper and effective utilization of resources.<\/p>\n
Today, governance includes three sectors<\/span>: the public sector (state actors and institutions)<\/span>, the private sector (households and companies)<\/span>, and the civil society (non-governmental organizations)<\/span>. These three sectors are said to work hand in hand in the process of governance.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Governance- An introduction<\/li>\n
- Governance: An Indian perspective<\/li>\n
- Governance: Important aspects<\/li>\n
- E-Governance<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Citizen Charters<\/li>\n
- Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various constitutional bodies<\/li>\n
- Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Pressure Groups<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Role of Civil service in a democracy<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Elections in India<\/li>\n
- Political parties in India<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Social Justice<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Issues related to children<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Issues related to Minorities<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Issues related to Education Sector<\/li>\n
- Issues related to SC\/ST<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Issues related to Women<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Issues related to Elderly People<\/li>\n
- Issues related to Health Sector<\/li>\n
- Issues related to Third Gender & LGBTQIA<\/li>\n
- Issues related to Rural Development<\/li>\n
- Issues related to Urban Development<\/li>\n
- Welfare Schemes<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n International Relations<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- India and its neighborhood<\/li>\n
- Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and\/or affecting India\u2019s interests<\/li>\n
- Important International Institutions, Agencies and Further Structure, Mandate etc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GENERAL STUDIES 3<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n Economy<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Introduction to Economics<\/li>\n
- National Income accounting<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Structure of Indian economy: a brief overview<\/li>\n
- Planning in India<\/li>\n
- Resource mobilization<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Inclusive growth and issues arising from it<\/li>\n
- Government budgeting<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Fiscal Policy<\/mark><\/li>\n
- The Reserve bank of India and monetary management<\/li>\n
- Inflation<\/li>\n
- Taxation system in India<\/li>\n
- Indian financial system: Commercial Banking system<\/li>\n
- Indian financial system-II: Money and capital market in India<\/li>\n
- Investment models<\/li>\n
- Infrastructure<\/li>\n
- Agriculture<\/li>\n
- Indian industries and economic growth<\/li>\n
- Foreign trade and International organizations<\/li>\n
- Poverty and unemployment<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Agriculture<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Role of Agriculture in Indian Economy<\/li>\n
- Major crops and cropping patterns in various parts of the country<\/li>\n
- Irrigation and Irrigation Systems<\/li>\n
- Agricultural Marketing and Issues<\/mark><\/li>\n
- e-Technology in the aid of farmers<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Farm Subsidies and MSP<\/li>\n
- Public Distribution System<\/li>\n
- Buffer Stocks and Food Security<\/li>\n
- Economics of Animal-Rearing<\/li>\n
- Food processing and related industries in India<\/li>\n
- Land Reforms in India<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Environment<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Basic Concepts Of Ecosystem<\/li>\n
- Unique Ecosystems- Degradation And Management<\/li>\n
- Biodiversity<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Environment Pollution And Control<\/li>\n
- Climate Change And Associated Issues<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Environment Degradation And Issues<\/li>\n
- Mining And Environment Issues<\/li>\n
- Environment Impact Assessment<\/li>\n
- Environmental Governance- National Legislation<\/li>\n
- International Conventions<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Disaster Management<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Background of Disaster management<\/li>\n
- National Disaster Management Act, 2005<\/mark><\/li>\n
- National Policy on Disaster Management, 2009<\/mark><\/li>\n
- The National Disaster Management Plan, 2016<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Prime Minister\u2019s Ten Point Agenda on DRR<\/li>\n
- Agencies involved in Disaster Management<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n Science & Technology<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Biotechnology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Space Technology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Nuclear Technology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Defence Technology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Communication and IT Technology<\/li>\n
- Nanotechnology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Robotics<\/li>\n
- Intellectual Property and Issues<\/li>\n
- Contribution of Indians in Science & Technology<\/li>\n
- Contribution of Science in Day to Day Life<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n\n\n\n \n Security Issues<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- National Security<\/li>\n
- Internal Security<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Extremism<\/li>\n
- Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA)<\/li>\n
- Terrorism<\/li>\n
- Money Laundering<\/li>\n
- Cyber Security<\/li>\n
- Role of Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GENERAL STUDIES 4<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n
\n- \n
- Ethics and Human Interface<\/li>\n
- Human Values<\/li>\n
- Attitude: Content, Structure, Function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; Social influence and Persuasion<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Services<\/li>\n
- Contributions of moral thinkers from India and the world<\/li>\n
- Western philosophy and Indian philosophy related to Ethics<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Public or Civil Service Values<\/li>\n
- Ethics in Public Administration<\/li>\n
- Ethical issues in international relations and funding corporate governance<\/li>\n
- Probity in Governance<\/li>\n
- Emotional Intelligence \u2013 concepts and their utilities and application in administration and governance<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
To prepare for the Union Public Service Commission, mainly four general studies paper exams have to be given, in these general studies paper, you have to read different subjects so that your general knowledge can be tested, through this 4 general studies Return papers are taken, through which the general knowledge of the students is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":334,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[2798,2799,2800,2801],"class_list":["post-312","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc","tag-most-important-ias-topics","tag-most-important-topics-for-upsc-prelims-and-mains","tag-subject-wise-strategy-for-upsc-civil-services-examination","tag-upsc-prelims-subject-wise-weightage"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/84"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=312"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/312\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdfdrive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- Space Technology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- National Policy on Disaster Management, 2009<\/mark><\/li>\n
- e-Technology in the aid of farmers<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Issues related to Minorities<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Climatology<\/mark><\/li>\n
- French Revolution<\/mark><\/span><\/li>\n
- India under East India Company\u2019s Rule<\/mark><\/li>\n
- Chola Empire<\/mark><\/li>\n