{"id":5261,"date":"2025-06-07T06:38:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-07T06:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diznr.com\/?p=5261"},"modified":"2025-06-07T06:38:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-07T06:38:16","slug":"chemistry-12-practical","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/chemistry-12-practical\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemistry Practical 12"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-5261\" class=\"panel-layout\">\n<div id=\"pg-5261-0\" class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\">\n<div id=\"pgc-5261-0-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\" data-weight=\"1\">\n<div id=\"panel-5261-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" data-style=\"{&quot;background_image_attachment&quot;:false,&quot;background_display&quot;:&quot;tile&quot;}\">\n<div class=\"textwidget\">\n<div style=\"width: 750px;height: 842px\">\n<div style=\"width: 80px;height: 80px;opacity: 0\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"panel-5261-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" data-style=\"{&quot;background_image_attachment&quot;:false,&quot;background_display&quot;:&quot;tile&quot;}\">\n<div class=\"textwidget\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"232\">Certainly! Here&#8217;s a sample guide for <strong data-start=\"37\" data-end=\"69\">Class 12 Chemistry Practical<\/strong> (as per general CBSE\/ISC guidelines). Let\u2019s focus on <strong data-start=\"123\" data-end=\"153\">Chemistry Practical No. 12<\/strong>, though practical numbering may vary depending on your school board or manual.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"237\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"\" data-start=\"239\" data-end=\"352\">\ud83e\uddea <strong data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"352\">Chemistry Practical 12: Qualitative Analysis \u2013 Identification of Functional Groups in Organic Compounds<\/strong><\/h2>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"354\" data-end=\"357\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"359\" data-end=\"380\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong data-start=\"366\" data-end=\"380\">Objective:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"456\">To identify the <strong data-start=\"397\" data-end=\"417\">functional group<\/strong> present in the given organic compound.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"458\" data-end=\"461\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"463\" data-end=\"484\">\ud83e\uddec <strong data-start=\"470\" data-end=\"484\">Principle:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"571\">Organic compounds are classified based on the functional groups they contain such as:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"572\" data-end=\"732\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"572\" data-end=\"592\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"574\" data-end=\"592\"><strong data-start=\"574\" data-end=\"592\">Alcohols (-OH)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"593\" data-end=\"615\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"615\"><strong data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"615\">Aldehydes (-CHO)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"635\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"635\"><strong data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"635\">Ketones (C=O)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"666\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"638\" data-end=\"666\"><strong data-start=\"638\" data-end=\"666\">Carboxylic acids (-COOH)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"686\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"686\"><strong data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"686\">Amines (-NH\u2082)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"732\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"732\"><strong data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"732\">Phenols (-OH attached to aromatic ring)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"734\" data-end=\"809\">These groups respond differently to specific reagents in qualitative tests.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"811\" data-end=\"814\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"816\" data-end=\"860\">\ud83e\uddeb <strong data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"860\">Apparatus and Chemicals Required:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"1421\">\n<thead data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"931\">\n<tr data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"931\">\n<th data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"889\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Apparatus<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"889\" data-end=\"931\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Chemicals<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1421\">\n<tr data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1071\">\n<td data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1029\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Test tubes<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1071\">Fehling&#8217;s solution A &amp; B<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1141\">\n<td data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1099\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Test tube holder<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1141\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Tollens&#8217; reagent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1211\">\n<td data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1169\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Dropper<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1211\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Sodium bicarbonate solution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1212\" data-end=\"1281\">\n<td data-start=\"1212\" data-end=\"1239\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Bunsen burner<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1239\" data-end=\"1281\">Bromine water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1282\" data-end=\"1351\">\n<td data-start=\"1282\" data-end=\"1309\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Beaker<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1309\" data-end=\"1351\">Neutral FeCl\u2083 solution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1421\">\n<td data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1379\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Pipette<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1421\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Alcohol, aldehyde, ketone samples<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"1423\" data-end=\"1426\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1462\">\ud83e\uddea <strong data-start=\"1435\" data-end=\"1462\">Tests and Observations:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<thead data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1517\">\n<tr data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1517\">\n<th data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1471\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Test<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1471\" data-end=\"1490\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Functional Group<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1490\" data-end=\"1504\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Observation<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1504\" data-end=\"1517\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Inference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<tr data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1659\">\n<td data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1598\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Sodium bicarbonate test<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1598\" data-end=\"1613\">-COOH (acid)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1613\" data-end=\"1640\">Effervescence due to CO\u2082<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1640\" data-end=\"1659\">Carboxylic acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1660\" data-end=\"1733\">\n<td data-start=\"1660\" data-end=\"1677\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Fehling\u2019s test<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1677\" data-end=\"1695\">-CHO (aldehyde)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1713\">Red precipitate<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1713\" data-end=\"1733\">Aldehyde present<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1804\">\n<td data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1750\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Tollens\u2019 test<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1750\" data-end=\"1768\" data-col-size=\"sm\">-CHO (aldehyde)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1784\">Silver mirror<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1784\" data-end=\"1804\">Aldehyde present<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1883\">\n<td data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1820\" data-col-size=\"sm\">2,4-DNP test<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1820\" data-end=\"1845\">-C=O (aldehyde\/ketone)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1865\">Yellow\/orange ppt<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1883\">Carbonyl group<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1884\" data-end=\"1953\">\n<td data-start=\"1884\" data-end=\"1907\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Ferric chloride test<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1922\">-OH (phenol)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1943\">Violet\/green color<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1953\">Phenol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<td data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"1967\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Lucas test<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1967\" data-end=\"1977\">Alcohol<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2014\">Cloudy solution (tertiary fastest)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"2014\" data-end=\"2031\">Alcohol group<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2036\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2089\">\u270d\ufe0f <strong data-start=\"2045\" data-end=\"2089\">Procedure (Example for Carboxylic Acid):<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"2091\" data-end=\"2314\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2091\" data-end=\"2145\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2094\" data-end=\"2145\">Take a small amount of the compound in a test tube.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2146\" data-end=\"2196\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2149\" data-end=\"2196\">Add a few drops of sodium bicarbonate solution.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2197\" data-end=\"2248\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2200\" data-end=\"2248\">Observe for effervescence (bubbling due to CO\u2082).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2314\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2252\" data-end=\"2314\">Confirm the evolution of CO\u2082 by passing gas through limewater.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"2316\" data-end=\"2319\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2339\">\ud83e\uddfe <strong data-start=\"2328\" data-end=\"2339\">Result:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<blockquote data-start=\"2341\" data-end=\"2424\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2343\" data-end=\"2424\">The functional group present in the given compound is: <strong data-start=\"2398\" data-end=\"2424\">[Your Observed Result]<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"2426\" data-end=\"2429\" \/>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2431\" data-end=\"2454\">\ud83e\udde0 <strong data-start=\"2438\" data-end=\"2454\">Precautions:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2456\" data-end=\"2614\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2456\" data-end=\"2492\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2458\" data-end=\"2492\">Use minimum quantity of chemicals.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2493\" data-end=\"2535\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2495\" data-end=\"2535\">Perform tests in a well-ventilated area.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2536\" data-end=\"2569\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2569\">Wear gloves and safety glasses.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2570\" data-end=\"2614\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2572\" data-end=\"2614\">Do not inhale vapors of organic compounds.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"2616\" data-end=\"2619\" \/>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2621\" data-end=\"2754\">If you let me know your <strong data-start=\"2645\" data-end=\"2679\">board (CBSE, ISC, State Board)<\/strong> or <strong data-start=\"2683\" data-end=\"2711\">specific practical title<\/strong>, I can tailor it exactly to your syllabus.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2756\" data-end=\"2840\">Would you like the full PDF notes or viva questions with answers for this practical?<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2756\" data-end=\"2840\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.stjohnsschoolkota.edu.in\/DocTypes\/Documents\/XII-CHEMISTRY-PRACTICAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chemistry Practical 12<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\"><a href=\"https:\/\/padasalainet12thstudymaterials.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/12th-chemistry-practical-simple-salt-analysis1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12th Standard \u2013 Chemistry Practical<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jaiu.kg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/COMPREHENSIVE-PRACTICAL-CHEMISTRY-XII-NK-VERMA-BK-VERMANI-NEERA-VERMA-KK-REHANI-Laxmi-Publications-PDF-Room.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comprehensive Practical Chemistry for Class XII<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Certainly! Here&#8217;s a sample guide for Class 12 Chemistry Practical (as per general CBSE\/ISC guidelines). Let\u2019s focus on Chemistry Practical No. 12, though practical numbering may vary depending on your school board or manual. \ud83e\uddea Chemistry Practical 12: Qualitative Analysis \u2013 Identification of Functional Groups in Organic Compounds \ud83d\udd0d Objective: To identify the functional [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1849],"tags":[1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854],"class_list":["post-5261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry-practical-12","tag-12th-chemistry-practical-book-pdf","tag-12th-chemistry-practical-handbook-pdf","tag-chemistry-class-12-practical-book-pdf","tag-chemistry-class-12-practical-file","tag-chemistry-experiments-for-class-12","tag-chemistry-practical-12","tag-chemistry-practical-class-12","tag-chemistry-practical-class-12-cbse-2020","tag-chemistry-practical-file-class-12","tag-class-12-chemistry-practical-file"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5261\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/pdf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}