{"id":5968,"date":"2025-06-09T06:03:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T06:03:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thecompanyboy.com\/?p=5968"},"modified":"2025-06-09T06:03:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T06:03:16","slug":"rs-aggarwal-quantitative-aptitude-pdf-download-profit-loss-and","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.reilsolar.com\/drive\/rs-aggarwal-quantitative-aptitude-pdf-download-profit-loss-and\/","title":{"rendered":"RS Aggarwal Quantitative Aptitude PDF Free download: PROFIT AND LOSS"},"content":{"rendered":"

PROFIT AND LOSS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

COST PRICE<\/u>: THE PRICE AT WHICH ARTICLE IS PURCHASED.ABBREVATED AS C.P.<\/p>\n

SELLING PRICE: THE PRICE AT WHICH ARTICLE IS SOLD.<\/h2>\n

PROFIT OR GAIN:IF SP IS GREATER THAN CP,THE SELLING PRICE IS SAID TO HAVE PROFIT OR GAIN.<\/p>\n

LOSS: IF SPIS LESS THAN CP,THE SELLER IS SAID TO INCURED A LOSS.<\/p>\n

FORMULA<\/h3>\n

1.GAIN=(SP)-(CP).\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2.LOSS=(CP)-(SP).<\/p>\n

3.LOSS OR GAIN IS ALWAYS RECKONED ON CP<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. GAIN %={GAIN*100}\/CP.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    5.LOSS%={LOSS*100}\/CP.<\/p>\n

    6.SP={(100+GAIN%) \/100}*CP.<\/p>\n

    7.SP={(100-LOSS%)\/100}*CP.<\/p>\n

    8.{100\/(100+GAIN%)} *SP<\/p>\n

    9.CP=100\/(100-LOSS%)}*SP<\/p>\n

    10.IF THE ARTICLE IS SOLD AT A GAIN OF SAY 35%, THEN SP =135% OF CP<\/p>\n

    11.IF A ARTICLE IS SOLD AT A LOSS OF SAY 35%. THEN SP=65% OF CP.<\/p>\n

    12.WHEN A PERSON SELLS TWO ITEMS,ONE AT A GAIN OF X% AND OTHER AT A LOSS OF X%.THEN THE SELLER ALWAYS INCURES A LOSS GIVEN:<\/p>\n

    {LOSS%=(COMON LOSS AND GAIN ) 2<\/sup>}\/10.=(X\/10) 2<\/sup><\/p>\n

    13.IF THE TRADER PROFESSES TO SELL HIS GOODS AT CP BUT USES FALSE WEIGHTS,THEN<\/p>\n

    GAIN=[ERROR\/(TRUE VALUE)-(ERROR)*100]%<\/p>\n

    SOLVED PROBLEMS<\/h4>\n

    ex.1 A man buys an article for rs.27.50 and sells it for rs.28.50. find his gain %.<\/p>\n

    sol. cp=rs27.50, sp=rs 28.50<\/p>\n

    gain=rs(28.50 \u201327.50)=rs1.10<\/p>\n

    so gain%={(1.10\/27.50)*100}=4%<\/p>\n

    Ex.2. If the a radio is sold for rs 490 and sold for rs 465.50.find loss%.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    sol. cp=rs490,sp= 465.50.<\/p>\n

    loss=rs(490-465.50)=rs 24.50.<\/p>\n

    loss%=[(24.50\/490)*100]%=5%<\/p>\n

    Ex.3.find S.P when<\/p>\n

    (i)CP=56.25,gain=20%.<\/p>\n

    sol.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 (i)SP =20% of rs 56.25 ,=rs{(120\/100)*56.25}=rs67.50.<\/p>\n

    (ii)CP=rs 80.40,loss=5%<\/p>\n

    \u00a0sol: sp=85% of rs 80.40<\/p>\n

    =rs {(85\/100)*80.40}=rs 68.34.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0ex.4 find cp when:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • sp =rs 40.60 : gain=16%<\/li>\n
    • sp=rs51.70:loss=12%<\/li>\n
    • cp=rs{(100\/116)*40.60}=rs 35.<\/li>\n
    • cp=rs{(100\/88)*51.87}=rs58.75.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      ex.5 A person incures loss for by selling a watch for rs1140.at what price should the watch be sold to earn a\u00a0 5% profit ?<\/p>\n

      sol.\u00a0 let the new sp be rsx.then<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (100-loss%) : (1st<\/sup>\u00a0 sp)=(100+gain%) (2nd<\/sup> sp)<\/u><\/p>\n

        \n
      • {(100-5)\/1400}={(100+5)\/x}=> x={(105*1140)\/95} =1260.<\/li>\n
      • \u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        ex.6 A book was sold for rs 27.50 with a profit of 10%. if it were sold for rs25.75, then what would be % of profit or loss?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0sol. SP=rs 27.50: profit =10%.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sol. CP=rs {(100\/110)*27.50}=rs 25.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 When sp =Rs25.75 ,profit =Rs(25.75-25)=Rs 0.75\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

        Profit%={(0.75\/25)*100}%=25\/6%=3%<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong>Ex7 .If the cost price is 96% of sp then whqt is the profit %<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sol. sp=Rs100 : then cp=Rs 96:profit =Rs 4.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Profit={(4\/96)*100}%=4.17%<\/p>\n

        Ex.8. The cp of 21 articles is equal to sp of 18 articles.find gain or loss %<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>CP of each article be Rs 1<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CP of 18 articles =Rs18 ,sp of 18 articles =Rs 21.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gain%=[(3\/18)*100]%=50\/3%<\/p>\n

        Ex.9 By selling 33 metres of cloth , one gains the selling price of 11 metres . Find the gain percent .<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Sol:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (SP of 33m)-(CP of 33m)=Gain=SP of 11m<\/p>\n

        SP of 22m = CP of 33m<\/p>\n

        Let CP of each metre be Re.1 , Then, CP of 22m= Rs.22,SP of 22m=Rs.33.<\/p>\n

        Gain%=[(11\/22)*100]%=50%<\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong>Ex10 A vendor bought bananas at 6 for Rs.10 and sold them at Rs.4 for Rs.6 .Find his gain or loss percent .<\/p>\n

        Sol:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Suppose , number of bananas bought = LCM of 6 and 4=12<\/p>\n

        CP=Rs.[(10\/6)*12]=Rs.20\u00a0 ; SP= Rs[(6\/4)*12]=Rs.18<\/p>\n

        Loss%=[(2\/20)*100]%=10%\u00a0<\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong>Ex.11. A man brought toffees at for a rupee. How many for a rupee must he sell to gain 50%?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Sol<\/em><\/strong>. C.P of 3 toffees=Re 1; S.P of 3 toffees =150% of Re.1=3\/2.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 For Rs.3\/2, toffees sold =3, for Re.1, toffees sold = [3*(2\/3)] = 2.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Ex. 12.A grocer purchased 80 kg of sugar at Rs.13.50 per kg and mixed it with 120kg sugar at Rs.16per kg. At what rate should he sell the mixer to gain 16%?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Sol .<\/em><\/strong>C.P of 200 kg of mixture = Rs. (80 * 13.50+120*16) = Rs.3000.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S.P =116% 0f Rs.3000 =Rs.[(116\/200) *3000]=Rs.3480.<\/p>\n

        \\ Rate of S.P of the mixture =Rs.[3480\/200] per kg =Rs.17.40 per kg.<\/p>\n

        Ex.13. Pure ghee cost Rs.100 per kg. After adulterating it with vegetable oil costing Rs.50 per kg,\u00a0 A shopkeeper sells the mixture at the rate of Rs.96 per kg, thereby making a profit of 20%.In What ratio does he mix the two?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0Sol.<\/em><\/strong> Mean cost price =Rs. [ (100\/120)*96 ] =Rs.80 per kg.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By the rate of allegation :<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.P of 1kg ghee\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.P of 1kg oil<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 50<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mean price<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 80<\/p>\n

          \n
        • 20<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \\ Required ratio =30:20 =3:2.<\/p>\n

          \u00a0Ex. 14.\u00a0 A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 960 gms\u00a0 for a kg weight .\u00a0 Find his gain percent.<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Sol .<\/em><\/strong>Gain% =[\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Error\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u>*100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ]% = \u00a0[(40\/960)*100] % = 4 1<\/u> %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(error value)-(error)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6<\/p>\n

          \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Ex 15. If the manufacturer gains 10%,the wholesale dealer 15% and the retailer 25%\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,then find the cost of production of a ,the retail price of which is Rs.1265?<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Sol:<\/p>\n

          \u00a0 Let the cost of production of the table be Rs x<\/p>\n

          \u00a0The ,125% of 115% of 110% of x=1265<\/p>\n